Using optocoupler for galvanic isolation of RS-232 Bus introduced in this app note from Vishay. Link here (PDF) The RS-232 bus is a serial, single-ended bus system with a data transfer rate up to 115.2 kBd. The application areas are computer to computer or computer to peripheral devices communication, like a printer, mouse, and so […]
Author Archives: DP
App note: NVT4557/NVT4558/NVT4858 voltage-level translator layout guideline
App note from NXP Semiconductors on proper board layout guideline for NVT4557/NVT4558/NVT4858 voltage-level translators for optimal operation. Link here (PDF) High performance digital signals on modern microprocessors are designed using advanced CMOS process to take advantage of its low power consumption. However, CMOS logic has very fast edge rates in the range of 1 ns […]
App note: Simple guide to improving ripple rejection ratio of LDO regulators
App note from Toshiba on improving LDO regulators PSRR. Link here (PDF) This document explains the principles of suppressing ripple of the output voltage, which is caused by the ripple of the input , i.e. the ripple compressibility (PSRR). It also explains the frequency characteristics of PSRR and the effects of the output capacitor.
App note: Tips for selecting level shifters/voltage translation ICs
Reference app note from Toshiba about voltage translator selection. Link here (PDF) This application note discusses how to select the right level shifter (also known as voltage translation IC). In some cases, CMOS logic ICs with a TTL-level input or an open-drain output provide levelshifting without using costly level shifters. It is therefore important to […]
App note: ESD protection audio input and output lines
Audio port protection discussed in this app note from Littlefuse. Link here (PDF) Externally generated ESD pulses are introduced through the Audio jacks (headphone, microphone, RCA-type plugs, etc.) and travel through the connector onto the system board. Once on the board, they will propagate down the signal lines toward the integrated circuits(IC). Most ICs are […]
App note: Coordinated circuit protection options for LED lighting
App note from Littelfuse on protecting LED lights from overloaded circuits, overvoltage and electrical shorts assuring safety on customers from these hazards. Link here (PDF) LED technology has advanced rapidly, with improved chip designs and materials facilitating development of brighter and longer-lasting light sources that can be used in a wide spectrum of applications. A […]
App note: Single channel smart load switch use and selection
App note from Diodes Incorporated present you their solution to put a safeguard on your load from transients spikes and shorts, these load switch also do have monitoring pins in order to show the condition of the supply line. Link here (PDF) Single Channel Smart load switch provides a component and area-reducing solution for efficient […]
App note: Suppression of transients in an automotive environment
App note from Littelfuse about automotive electrical noises and where they came from and what to do with them in order to prevent it from going to your circuit. Link here (PDF) As the control circuitry in the automobile continues to develop, there is a greater need to consider the capability of new technology in […]
App note: An introduction to transient voltage suppression devices
App note from Littelfuse introduces you to their TVS options specifically fit to your circuit protection needs. Link here (PDF) Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS) protection devices such as shielded cables, crowbars, filters and clamping devices have been widely used for a number of years to solve EMI problems. These TVS devices can be used to […]
App note: Buck-Boost charger MOSFETs
Selecting the desired MOSFET fit for Buck-Boost for higher efficiency in power supply and battery charging section discussed in this app note from Alpha & Omega Semiconductors. Link here (PDF) The wide adoption of USB Type-C PD makes the notebook PC charger move to four MOSFET buck-boost charger topology to allow for wide range input […]
App note: Design considerations on Solid-State Relays in DC configuration
Solid-state relays uses app note by Vishay in DC application with resistive, capacitive and inductive loads. Link here (PDF) A solid-state relay (SSR) is an electronic switching device in semiconductor technology. An SSR has a high efficient GaAlAs infrared emitter on the input which is optically coupled to the high performance MOSFETs at the output. […]
App note: TJA1101B automotive Ethernet PHY
App note from NXP introducing their network solution TJA1101B to handle Ethernet in automotive environment. Link here (PDF) The TJA1101B is a 100BASE-T1 compliant Ethernet PHY optimized for automotive use cases. The device provides 100 Mbit/s transmit and receive capability over a single unshielded twisted pair cable, supporting a cable length of at least 15 […]
App note: How to calculate power losses in Gen 5 diodes
App note from Vishay which focuses on the diode’s losses present during the forward and reverse condition. Link here (PDF) In the forward condition, diodes carry the current while showing the lowest resistance at the current flow (ON state) and the lowest possible voltage anode to cathode. In the reverse condition, the voltage anode to […]
App note: NTC Thermistors
App note from Vishay on their NTC thermistors, guiding you on the selection process to its application circuits. Link here (PDF)
App note: Extending op amp operating range via bootstrapping
App note from Analog Devices discussing bootstrapping its rail voltage to compensate operating range of an op amp. Link here (PDF) When an off the shelf operational amplifier (op amp) cannot provide the signal swing range needed for a particular application, the engineer is faced with using a high voltage op amp or designing a […]
App note: The effect of long-term drift on voltage references
App note from Analog Devices on ways to eliminate drifts on voltage refs. Link here (PDF) Long-Term Drift (LTD) in voltage references is a parameter that can be confusing and misleading. It is given as a typical parameter in data sheets, but can cause significant accuracy limitations in system. Unlike tempco and initial accuracy, where […]
App note: Small, simple, PWM buck controller can replace high current LDOs
Compact buck converter design from ONSEMI an alternate solution for LDOs producing larger current. Link here (PDF) Low dropout, linear regulators, or LDOs, are typically used for post−regulation because they are easily implemented and provide a relatively noise−free power source. However, for higher currents, such as 1.0 A and above, LDOs take up a great […]
App note: Isolated precision regulation of a single 1.8 Volt output from a universal line input
Isolated precision SMPS design from ONSEMI. Link here (PDF) The following Application Note describes an off–line switching power supply utilizing a precision programmable reference to regulate a 1.8 volt output. The center of the app note is the MC33363B, a monolithic SMPS controller with a 700 volt power switch, and the NCP100, a sub–one volt […]
App note: USB power delivery changes the game
Great read on this white paper from Renesas about the history of USB power delivery. Link here (PDF) Connections between equipment for data transfer and power are being revolutionized by the adoption of ‘USB Power Delivery’, a version of USB that allows up to 100W to be passed in either direction. This white paper traces […]
App note: An introduction to inductor specifications
Coilcrafts’s app note on inductor and more to it than just inductance. Link here (PDF) There is more to selecting an inductor than the nominal inductance value. To ensure the inductor will perform as needed in a specific application, due consideration must be given to inductance tolerance, current ratings, DCR, maximum operating temperature and efficiency […]