Open source USB echo demo

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Contents

Overview

Here is a the open source USB stack we use on our PIC24F and PIC18F projects. We've compiled a simple echo demo to help you get started. Download the package below.

Downloads

Stack overview

The Open source stack was authored by Honken and JTR over several years. Many others have contributed bug reports and improvements. It has these features:

  • USB CDC (virtual serial) support
  • USB HID support
  • Double buffered
  • Interrupt or polling driven

Directory structure

These common USB files are located in \dp_usb\ and can be shared by many projects:

  • \dp_usb\cdc.c - USB CDC (virtual serial) driver functions
  • \dp_usb\cdc.h - USB CDC (virtuel serial) driver function declarations, and CDC codes definitions.
  • \dp_usb\picusb.h - common definitions used by the stack for PCI18F and PIC24F families
  • \dp_usb\usb_stack.c - USB stack functions.
  • \dp_usb\usb_stack.h - USB stack function declarations and definitions
  • \dp_usb\usb_stack_globals.h - includes files needed for the stack

These project specific USB files should be located in the project directory. That's \echo\ for the echo demo.

  • \echo\descriptors.h - USB descriptors, including the manufacturer and device name strings.
  • \echo\prj_usb_config.h - Setting for the ..... This is where you can change the USB PID, VID, DEV etc.. In this file you can also define the hardware properties of the USB communication, such as pullups, self or bus powered etc.
  • \echo\descriptors.h
  • \echo\configwords.h

USB setup

USB VID/PID

#define USB_VID (0x4d8)
#define USB_PID (0x000a)  // Microchip CDC 
#define USB_DEV 0x0002

At the top of prj_usb_config.h file are basic USB configurations. This is where you can change the USB PID, VID, DEV etc.. In this file you can also define the hardware properties of the USB communication, such as pullups, self or bus powered etc.

Manufacturer and device names

Polling

The stack supports both polling and interrupt driven USB communication. Located in the prj_usb_config.h are renaming definitions which are used by various functions through out the code. 

 #define USB_INTERRUPTS //use interrupts instead of polling

By either commenting out or leaving the USB_INTERRUPTS statement above, you can chose weather you want to use USB by polling or through interrupts.

With polling the stack handles almost everything by itself, all you need to do is call the usb_handler function.

Interrupt

With interrupt driven communication some code needs to be added to the main.c

PIC24F

#pragma interrupt _USB1Interrupt
void __attribute__((interrupt, auto_psv)) _USB1Interrupt() {
    //USB interrupt
    //IRQ enable IEC5bits.USB1IE
    //IRQ flag    IFS5bits.USB1IF
    //IRQ priority IPC21<10:8>
    usb_handler();
    ClearGlobalUsbInterruptFlag();
}

This is the interrupt service routine. It calls the same usb_handler function the polling method does, and it clears the USB interrupt flags. While the two seam identical, interrupt driven communication is much more efficient, since the usb_handler function is called only when there is an USB event to handle, instead of being called all the time.

PIC18F

  • Insert explanation here

Sending and receiving data

Here are 3 examples of sending and receiving data from the USB. All of them use a double buffer mode, and all the functions are located in the cdc.c file.

Method 1

if (poll_getc_cdc(&RecvdByte))
  putc_cdc(RecvdByte+1);

The function poll_getc_cdc will return the number of characters in the buffer, and move the first in line to the RecvdByte variable.

The putc_cdc function will move the RecvdByte variable, incremented by 1, to be next in line on the out buffer.

Method 2

if (peek_getc_cdc(&RecvdByte)) {
  RecvdByte = getc_cdc();
  putc_cdc(RecvdByte+1);
}

This method first checks if there is a character waiting in Que with the peek_getc_cdc function, and if there is, it will retrieve it to the RecivdByte variable via the getc_cdc function. Same as with the first method the received character will be sent via the putc_cdc function incremented by one.

Method 3

if (poll_getc_cdc(&RecvdByte)) {
  putc_cdc(RecvdByte+1); //
  CDC_Flush_In_Now();
}

This method is similar to the first, with the exception that the CDC_Flush_IN_Now function is called at the end. This sends the output buffer immediately, while the other two methods wait for the usb_handler function to be called.

Bus Pirate v4

If you have Bus Pirate v4 there is a working example in our SVN.

Adding a new board

How to add new hardware to the echo demo.

CONFIG words

Setup the oscillator for USB

  • PIC 18FxxJxx osc settings (16MHZ, PLL/4)
  • PIC 18F osc settings (20 mhz pll/5) 
_CONFIG2( IESO_OFF & FCKSM_CSDCMD & OSCIOFNC_ON & POSCMOD_HS & FNOSC_PRIPLL & PLLDIV_DIV3 & IOL1WAY_ON & PLL_96MHZ_ON & DISUVREG_OFF)
  • PIC 24F osc settings (?)

As with each PIC there are CONFIG words that need to be setup to let the uC know in which stat it should operate. Examples for some of our project config words are contained in the confingwords.h file. Below is the example for PIC24F256GB106 located on the Bus Pirate v4.

Hardware setup function

  • add setup to 'SetupBoard() function

prj_usb_config.h

    #define CDC_BUFFER_SIZE 64u
    #define CLOCK_FREQ 32000000
    #define BAUDCLOCK_FREQ 16000000 //  required for baud rate calculations
    #define UART_BAUD_setup(x)  U1BRG = x
    #define CDC_FLUSH_MS 4 // how many ms timeout before cdc in to host is sent

Within the prj_usb_config.h file are hardware definitions for some of our boards. The bare minimum required for the SB stack to function are the definitions listed above. The vaules are set for the Bus Pirate v4 hardware, so for other PIC they need to be changed.

Linker scripts

Resources

Retrieved from "http://dangerousprototypes.com/docs/Open_source_USB_echo_demo"